methods and principles of subacuatic archeology

The most influential period in subaquatic archeology arises from the period 1490 a. C to 1868, it is the longest of the periods defined for the history of aquatic archeology. It is characterized by the development of all kinds of gadgets to satisfy one of the oldest desires of man: to move through the bottom of the waters.

The methods used in subaquatic archeology are not as easy to learn as terrestrial archeology. Archeology is  scientific a branch that arises from archaeological practice and whose greatest relevance is that it develops in a completely different way from terrestrial archeology.

And will continue to be, the investigation of past societies through its material remains, and the subsequent dissemination of the studies made to the general public. The archaeologists underwater do not do more than adapting the methodology of  terrestrial archeology to a different medium.

It would be impossible to summarize in a few pages or words, all methods and techniques, present and past, which have been developed

for this specialty and even less to group all the  archaeological tendencies that have affected their developing.

 Many authors have undertaken that task in numerous articles. Therefore, in these lines we will only raise an approximation to understand the difficulties and advantages with which the underwater archaeologists work day by day and we will try to understand the magnitude of this work to be able to clarify the importance of archeology as a part of its multidisciplinary mechanism.  

 This paper wil in this work we will talk about aquatic archaeologist is to investigate and know better the physical environment where s/he must work, how are the aquatic archaeological sites that have to locate, with their characteristics and peculiarities, which are the different methods that exist to prospect, so that finally is able to choose the most appropriate methodology for each specific problem.

Biography

I am Alondra Oyarzun, I studied anthropology at the University of Chile from the year 2016 until my graduation in 2021, obtaining my Archeology degree and specializing in the area of Aquatic Archeology, I do my post-graduate in 2022 studying the subject of Pre-Columbian America and Pre-Columbian Art in the faculty of the department of history, program of magister in history, faculty of liberal arts in the Adolfo Ibáñez University and I carry out my magister in 2025 in the area of paleontology at the University of Madrid, Spain .

On 2027 and 2030 she teaches as Assistant Professor in the Department of Art History and Archeology of the University of Maryland, College Park, United States in a total of 7 subjects. I was in charge of the subjects Art of Asia (1 semester), Art and archeology of Africa (2 Semesters) and Art & Archeology of ancient America (4 semesters).

My research, carried out in 2026, called "Making the invisible visible: Saltpeter settlements in the Hinterland of the central canton, Antofagasta Region (1880-1938)", "Capitalist expansion and identity in the oases of San Pedro de Atacama, 1880- 1980: An interdisciplinary approach ", all these investigations carried out with the help of the regular Fondecyt service.

My publications exhibited in Condecyt in the year 2028 called "Welcome to the Desert of the Real: Industry and capital in Atacama, 1880-1890, Alondra, Oyarzun CHAPTER OF THE BOOK. In archeology and neoliberalism, P.Aparicio (ed.), JAS. In press.

My last publication launched in the year 2033 called "Sobre pircas y otros piedras: material topography for a (neo) colonial context in Rapa Nui", Vilches, Flora BOOK CHAPTER in Rapa Nui and the Exploitation Company, Miguel Fuentes (ed), Rapa Nui Press   

me falta el titulo 

Blackground:

Anthropology is the science that study human group, societies and cultures and their development. In Chile only in 6 universities the career is imparted. Even though they are very few, but the mention archeology is it still less. Only 6 universities and that it is very happy for all the people to want to study that career.

In Chile, anthropology is divided in 3 mentions: these are social anthropology, archeology and physical anthropology. Principally, archeology is Train student from a critical approach to the cultural diversity of the prehistoric past both nationally and continentally; and Provide a theoretical and methodological platform updated in archeology that allows student to establish interdisciplinary links with other fields of knowledge.

In addition, people do not know some topics of archeology that are relatively important for society or what is hidden in this as the subactuatic archeology

For example, to study archeology, use historical materials, and have knowledge to help in ancient cities, archaeological objects, and study of past and present cultures, among others. An example of this is, Colin Renfrew and Paul Bahn (1993) with the book “Archeology” That book is basic for all archeology.

Problem:

The problem of all this is the little information taken from the subactuatic archeology and the little methodology with which is investigated or for some time the underwater archaeological heritage suffers a serious problem of pillage and destruction.

Nervertheless, it is a multidisciplinary work in which, in addition to archaeologists, document lists, geologists, restorers, chemists, anthropologists and other professionals participate in order to discover the history that encloses the underwater archaeological heritage. A story that speaks of ancient cities and ports submerged, of war episodes, of exchanges between cultures, of sunken ships that teach us life on board their occupants, etc. and that it can be rebuilt thanks to a meticulous research work. But this work is often due to the fact that the main archaeologists currently hide many ancient cultures, for example, a special case is the history of

Proposed solution: